Tuesday, 31 January 2023

His most grievous sins included cloistering his relations to remove them as rivals to his succession in 814, mortally blinding his nephew for revolt, breaking a sworn treaty with his sons, and allowing his marriage to deteriorate to the point of his wife having an affair with a courtier.

Louis I is known in Germany as ‘the Pious’, but in France as le DĂ©bonnaire; both sobriquets capture aspects of his behaviour. He was sufficiently sinful to require three rites of penance during his reign, yet devout enough to perform them. His most grievous sins included cloistering his relations to remove them as rivals to his succession in 814, mortally blinding his nephew for revolt, breaking a sworn treaty with his sons, and allowing his marriage to deteriorate to the point of his wife having an affair with a courtier. Interpretations differ whether the Carolingian bishops regarded him as an errant member of their flock or used the rites of penance a show trials to discredit him politically.

P.H. Wilson, The Holy Roman Empire (2016), 30

Saturday, 21 January 2023

Potosi and much of Upper Peru remained divided into ethnic factions well into the seventeenth century

Whereas other parts of Spanish America witnessed a tendency towards homogenization of white, peninsular Spaniards (peninsulares), who sometimes clashed with native-born and mixed Spaniards (criollos), Potosi and much of Upper Peru remained divided into ethnic factions well into the seventeenth century.

K. Lane, Potosi (2019), 112

Friday, 20 January 2023

What made Habsburg Spain Europe's most formidable war machine was money, or more accurately, credit

What made Habsburg Spain Europe's most formidable war machine was money, or more accurately, credit: the ability to borrow huge sums to field armies and assemble navies. What gave Spain credit was in large part an early flood of silver from Potosi, the bonanza that came close on the heels of Atahualpa's treasure.

K. Lane, Potosi (2019), 49

The general historical chapters represent a miserable level of performance

One of the most disappointing of all county histories is Polwhele's Devon. The general historical chapters represent a miserable level of performance, though the parochial descriptions are valuable. Even so, Polwhele covered only a small part of the county and the work as a whole is third-rate. 

W.G. Hoskins, Local history in England (2nd ed. 1972), 20 

Thursday, 19 January 2023

In its first century, Potosi produced nearly half the world's silver

Potosi produced more silver, according to official tax records, than all Mexico combined before 1650. In its first century, Potosi produced nearly half the world's silver. In the longer term, the amount of silver taxed between 1545 and 1810 ... constituted nearly 20 percent of all the known silver produced in the world across 265 years.

K. Lane, Potosi (2019), 8

Cod, haddock, tuna, salmon and prawns make up 60-70% of the seafood eaten in the UK

Despite its island credentials, Britain - bafflingly - is not known as a nation enamoured of fish, other than its favourite, battered, deep-fried 'fish and chips' form. Despite the variety found off our coasts, our consumption centres on only five main species: cod, haddock, tuna, salmon and prawns make up 60-70% of the seafood eaten in the UK.

J. Linford, The missing ingredient (2018), 64 

Sunday, 8 January 2023

Disturbing imponderables like 'character', 'pure luck', 'ability to mix', and 'boldness' have a way of tipping the scales

[the scholarship boy] is unhappy in a society which presets largely a picture of disorder which is huge and sprawling, not limited, ordered, and centrally heated; in which the toffee-apples are not accurately given to those who work hardest nor even to the most intelligent; but in which disturbing imponderables like 'character', 'pure luck', 'ability to mix', and 'boldness'  have a way of tipping the scales. 

R. Hoggart, The uses of literacy (1957), 270